A preliminary neuroimaging study of preschool children with ADHD.
Submitted by Mark McIntosh, on Tue, 2016-10-11 20:00
PubMed URL:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21660881
Author:
Mostofsky SH
Author List:
Mahone EM
Crocetti D
Ranta ME
Gaddis A
Cataldo M
Slifer KJ
Denckla MB
Mostofsky SH
Journal:
Clin Neuropsychol
PubMed ID:
21660881
Pagination:
1009-28
Volume:
25
Issue:
6
Abstract:
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder that, by current definition, has onset prior to age 7 years. MRI studies have provided some insight into brain differences associated with ADHD, but thus far have almost exclusively focused on children ages 7 years and older. To better understand the neurobiological development of ADHD, cortical and subcortical brain development should be systematically examined in younger children presenting with symptoms of the disorder. High-resolution anatomical (MPRAGE) images, acquired on a 3.0T scanner, were analyzed in a total of 26 preschoolers, ages 4-5 years (13 with ADHD, 13 controls, matched on age and sex). The ADHD sample was diagnosed using DSM-IV criteria, and screened for language disorders. Cortical regions were delineated and measured using automated methods in Freesurfer; basal ganglia structures were manually delineated. Children with ADHD showed significantly reduced caudate volumes bilaterally; in contrast there were no significant group differences in cortical volume or thickness in this age range. After controlling for age and total cerebral volume, left caudate volume was a significant predictor of hyperactive/impulsive, but not inattentive symptom severity. Anomalous basal ganglia, particularly caudate, development appears to play an important role among children presenting with early onset symptoms of ADHD.
Published Date:
August, 2011
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